Ntchito yamawaya agalimoto ndi mawonekedwe ake

1. 1. Kapangidwe ka waya wamagetsi
Mawaya ndi zonyamulira zotumizira ma siginecha amagetsi ndi mafunde. Amapangidwa makamaka ndi kutchinjiriza ndi mawaya. Mawaya amitundu yosiyanasiyana amafanana ndi zida zosiyanasiyana zotchinjiriza ndi zida zamkuwa zamkuwa. Magawo owunika a waya makamaka amaphatikiza kuchuluka kwa waya wamkuwa, kuchuluka kwake, makulidwe a insulation ndi m'mimba mwake akunja kwa gawo la conductor. Pofuna kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa kusokonezedwa kwa ma siginecha osiyanasiyana panthawi yopatsirana, mawaya opotoka komanso mawaya otetezedwa amagwiritsidwanso ntchito pamagalimoto. Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa mawaya omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pagalimoto, kuti zitheke kupanga ma waya komanso kukonza galimoto yonse pambuyo pogulitsa, mitundu yosiyanasiyana nthawi zambiri imayikidwa kuti chikopa chotchinga chizisiyanitsa.

1. 2. Zolemba za mawaya
Mawaya omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'galimoto nthawi zambiri amakhala mawaya otsika kwambiri. Ndi chitukuko cha magalimoto amagetsi osakanizidwa ndi magalimoto opanda magetsi, ma waya ochulukirachulukira amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamagalimoto. Komabe, mlembi wa nkhaniyi makamaka akukambirana mawaya otsika magetsi, ndi makampani omwe alipo panopa Mawaya amtundu wa Japan ndi mawaya a German standard.

2. Kupanga ndi kusankha mawaya agalimoto
2. 1. Waya ampacity
Kuchuluka kwa mawaya ndi chinthu chomwe chiyenera kuganiziridwa pakupanga mapangidwe, ndipo mtengo wamakono wa mawaya umatchulidwa mu GB 4706. 1-2005. Kuthekera komweku kwa waya kumakhudzana ndi gawo la waya, komanso kukhudzana ndi zinthu, mtundu, njira yokulunga ndi kutentha kozungulira kwa waya. Pali zinthu zambiri zokopa ndipo kuwerengera kumakhala kovuta kwambiri. Kuchuluka kwa mawaya osiyanasiyana nthawi zambiri kumapezeka m'mabuku.

Zinthu zomwe zimakhudza ampacity zitha kugawidwa muzinthu zamkati ndi zakunja. Makhalidwe a waya wokha ndi zinthu zamkati zomwe zimakhudza mphamvu yamakono yonyamula waya. Kuchulukitsa malo oyambira, kugwiritsa ntchito zida zapamwamba kwambiri, kugwiritsa ntchito zida zotsekereza zokhala ndi kutentha kwapamwamba kwambiri komanso kutsika kwamafuta, komanso kuchepetsa kukana kukhudzana kumatha kukulitsa mphamvu yakunyamulira kwa waya. Zinthu zakunja zimatha kukulitsa mphamvu pakukulitsa kusiyana kwa mawonekedwe a waya ndikusankha malo okhala ndi kutentha koyenera.

2. 2. Kufananiza mawaya, zolumikizira ndi ma terminals
Kufananiza kwa mawaya ndi zolumikizira zolumikizira kumagawika makamaka pakufananiza kuchuluka kwa kunyamulira komweku komanso kufananiza kwa makina omangira.

2. 2. 1. Kufananiza mphamvu yonyamulira materminal ndi mawaya
Kuthekera kwa ma terminal ndi mawaya apano akuyenera kufanana kuti ma terminals ndi mawaya athe kukwaniritsa zofunikira pakugwiritsa ntchito. Nthawi zina, mtengo wovomerezeka wa terminal umakhutitsidwa, koma mtengo wovomerezeka wa waya umapitilira, kotero chidwi chapadera chiyenera kuperekedwa. Mawaya ndi ma terminals amatha kupezeka poyang'ana matebulo ndi zina zokhudzana nazo.
Mtengo wovomerezeka wa waya: zinthu zomalizira ndi zamkuwa, mtengo wamakono pamene kutentha kwapakati ndi 120 ℃ (kutentha kosagwira kutentha kwa terminal) kukapatsidwa mphamvu; aloyi yamkuwa yosagwira kutentha, mtengo wapano pomwe kutentha kwa terminal ndi 140 ℃ (kutentha kosagwira kutentha kwa terminal) mtengo.

2. 2. 2. Kufananiza kwa terminal ndi waya ampacity makina crimping gawo
Pofuna kuwonetsetsa kuti ma crimping amafanana ndi makina, ndiye kuti, ma terminals ayenera kukwaniritsa mfundo zina pambuyo podula mawaya. Zomwe zimakopa makamaka zimaphatikizapo zigawo izi:
(1) Mawaya akatsegulidwa, ndikofunikira kuwonetsetsa kuti kutsekereza ndi pachimake cha chingwe cha waya ndizosawonongeka komanso zosawonongeka. Zomwe zimapangidwira pambuyo potsegula zikuwonetsedwa pazithunzi.